=== ires-2018-page-158.pdf === 145 Annex A Primary and secondary products; renewables and non-renewables Energy statistics conventionally distinguishes between primary and secondary energy prod- ucts, and between renewable and non-renewable products (see chapter II for definitions and other details). The cross-classification of these categories of energy products and their list are provided below. Cross-classification of primary/secondary and renewable/non-renewable products Primary products Secondary products 01—Hard coal 03—Coal products 02—Brown coal 11—Peat 12—Peat products 20—Oil shale Non-renewables 30—Natural gas 41—Conventional crude oil 43—Refinery feedstocks 42—Natural gas liquids (NGL) 46—Oil products 44—Additives and oxygenates 61—Industrial waste Electricity and heat from combusted fuels of fossil origin 89 The part of municipal waste 62 (partially)89—Municipal waste Electricity derived from heat from chemical processes and nuclear heat Nuclear heat Any other product derived from primary/secondary non-renewable coming from biomass origin Heat from chemical processes products is considered renewable, 5—Biofuels (except charcoal) 516—Charcoal whereas the part coming 62 (partially)—Municipal waste from fossil origin is considered Renewables Heat from renewable sources, except Electricity and heat from combusted biofuels non-renewable. from combusted biofuels 90 Renewable sources of electricity Electricity from renewable sources, Electricity from geothermal and solar thermal except from geothermal, Any other product derived from primary/secondary renewable products are comprised of: hydro, wind, solar thermal or combusted biofuels90 solar (photovoltaic and solar thermal), geothermal, wave, tide and other marine energy, as well as the combustion of biofuels. List of primary/secondary and renewable/non-renewables Renewable sources of heat are: solar thermal, geothermal and Primary (P) / Renewable (R) / the combustion of biofuels. SIEC Headings Secondary (S) Non -renewable (NR) 0 Coal NR 01 Hard coal P NR 011 0110 Anthracite P NR 012 Bituminous coal P NR It should be noted that at the time 0121 Coking coal P NR of publication no internationally 0129 Other bituminous coal P NR agreed definition of renewable 02 Brown coal P NR and non-renewable products 021 0210 Sub-bituminous coal P NR was available. Therefore, the list provided below is indicative and 022 0220 Lignite P NR subject to amendments.  === ires-2018-page-159.pdf === 146 International Recommendations for Energy Statistics (IRES) Primary (P) / Renewable (R) / SIEC Headings Secondary (S) Non -renewable (NR) 03 Coal products S NR 031 Coal coke S NR 0311 Coke oven coke S NR 0312 Gas coke S NR 0313 Coke breeze S NR 0314 Semi cokes S NR 032 0320 Patent fuel S NR 033 0330 Brown coal briquettes (BKB) S NR 034 0340 Coal tar S NR 035 0350 Coke oven gas S NR 036 0360 Gas works gas S NR (and other manufactured gases for distribution) 037 Recovered gases S NR 0371 Blast furnace gas S NR 0372 Basic oxygen steel furnace gas S NR 0379 Other recovered gases S NR 039 0390 Other coal products S NR 1 Peat and peat products NR 11 Peat P NR 111 1110 Sod peat P NR 112 1120 Milled peat P NR 12 Peat products S NR 121 1210 Peat briquettes S NR 129 1290 Other peat products S NR 2 Oil shale/oil sands P NR 20 Oil shale/oil sands P NR 200 2000 Oil shale/oil sands P NR 3 Natural gas P NR 30 Natural gas P NR 300 3000 Natural gas P NR 4 Oil NR 41 Conventional crude oil P NR 410 4100 Conventional crude oil P NR 42 Natural gas liquids (NGL) P NR 420 4200 Natural gas liquids (NGL) P NR 43 Refinery feedstocks S NR 430 4300 Refinery feedstocks S NR 44 Additives and oxygenates S NR 440 4400 Additives and oxygenates S NR 45 Other hydrocarbons 450 4500 Other hydrocarbons 46 Oil products S NR 461 4610 Refinery gas S NR 462 4620 Ethane S NR 463 4630 Liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) S NR 464 4640 Naphtha S NR  === ires-2018-page-160.pdf === Annex A 147 Primary (P) / Renewable (R) / SIEC Headings Secondary (S) Non -renewable (NR) 465 Gasolines S NR 4651 Aviation gasoline S NR 4652 Motor gasoline S NR 4653 Gasoline-type jet fuel S NR 466 Kerosenes S NR 4661 Kerosene-type jet fuel S NR 4669 Other kerosene S NR 467 Gas oil/diesel oil and heavy gas oil S NR 4671 Gas oil/diesel oil S NR 4672 Heavy gas oil S NR 468 4680 Fuel oil S NR 469 Other oil products S NR 4691 White spirit S NR and special boiling point industrial spirits 4692 Lubricants S NR 4693 Paraffin waxes S NR 4694 Petroleum coke S NR 4695 Bitumen S NR 4699 Other oil products n.e.c. S NR 5 Biofuels R 51 Solid biofuels R 511 Fuelwood, wood residues and by-products P R 5111 Wood pellets P R 5119 Other fuelwood, wood residues and by-products P R 512 5120 Bagasse P R 513 5130 Animal waste P R 514 5140 Black liquor P R 515 5150 Other vegetal material and residues P R 516 5160 Charcoal S R 52 Liquid biofuels P R 521 5210 Biogasoline P R 522 5220 Biodiesels P R 523 5230 Bio jet kerosene P R 529 5290 Other liquid biofuels P R 53 Biogases P R 531 Biogases from anaerobic fermentation P R 5311 Landfill gas P R 5312 Sewage sludge gas P R 5319 Other biogases from anaerobic fermentation P R 532 5320 Biogases from thermal processes P R 6 Waste P 61 Industrial waste P NR 610 6100 Industrial waste P NR 62 Municipal waste P R/NR 620 6200 Municipal waste P R/NR  === ires-2018-page-161.pdf === 148 International Recommendations for Energy Statistics (IRES) Primary (P) / Renewable (R) / SIEC Headings Secondary (S) Non -renewable (NR) 7 Electricity 70 Electricity 700 7000 Electricity 8 Heat 80 Heat 800 8000 Heat 9 Nuclear fuels and other fuels n.e.c. 91 Uranium and plutonium 910 Uranium and plutonium 9101 Uranium ores 9109 Other uranium and plutonium 92 Other nuclear fuels 920 9200 Other nuclear fuels 99 Other fuels n.e.c. 990 9900 Other fuels n.e.c.  === ires-2018-page-162.pdf === 149 Annex B Additional tables on conversion factors, calorific values and measurement units Table 1 Mass equivalents INTO Kilograms Metric tons Long tons Short tons Pounds FROM MULTIPLY BY Kilograms 1.0 0.001 0.000984 0.001102 2.2046 Metric tons 1000 1.0 0.984 1.1023 2204.6 Long tons 1016 1.016 1.0 1.120 2240.0 Short tons 907.2 0.9072 0.893 1.0 2000.0 Pounds 0.454 0.000454 0.000446 0.0005 1.0 Example: Convert from metric tons (ton) into long tons: 1 ton= 0.984 long tons. Table 2 Volume equivalents INTO Imperial U.S. gallons gallons Barrels Cubic feet Litres Cubic metres FROM MULTIPLY BY U.S. gallons 1.0 0.8327 0.02381 0.1337 3.785 0.0038 Imp. gallons 1.201 1.0 0.02859 0.1605 4.546 0.0045 Barrels 42.0 34.97 1.0 5.615 159.0 0.159 Cubic feet 7.48 6.229 0.1781 1.0 28.3 0.0283 Litres 0.2642 0.220 0.0063 0.0353 1.0 0.001 Cubic metres 264.2 220.0 6.289 35.3147 1000.0 1.0 Example: Convert from barrels into cubic meters: 1 barrel = 0.159 cubic meter. Table 3 Energy equivalents INTO TJ Million Btu GCal GWh ktoe ktce FROM MULTIPLY BY Terajoule (TJ) 1 947.8 238.84 0.2777 2.388x10 -2 3.411x10 -2 Million Btu 1.0551x10 -3 1 0.252 2.9307x10 -4 2.52x10 -5 3.6x10 -5 GigaCalorie (GCal) 4.1868x10 -3 3.968 1 1.163x10 -3 10 -4 1.429x10 -4 Gigawatt hour (GWh) 3.6 3412 860 1 8.6x10 -2 1.229x10 -1 Ktoe 41.868 3.968x104 104 11.630 1 1.429 Ktce 29.308 2.778x10 4 0.7x10-4 8.14 0.7 1 Example: Convert from Gigawatt-hours (GWh) into Terajoules (TJ): 1 GWh = 3.6 TJ.  === ires-2018-page-163.pdf === 150 International Recommendations for Energy Statistics (IRES) Table 4 Difference between net and gross calorific values for selected fuels Fuel Percentage Coke 0 Charcoal 0-4 Anthracite 2-3 Bituminous coals 3-5 Sub-Bituminous coals 5-7 Lignite 9-10 Crude oil 5-8 Petroleum products 3-9 Natural gas 9-10 Liquefied natural gas 7-10 Gasworks gas 8-10 Coke-oven gas 10-11 Bagasse (50 per cent moisture content) 21-22 Fuelwood (10 per cent moisture content) 11-12 (20 per cent moisture content) 22-23 (30per cent moisture content) 34-35 (40 per cent moisture content) 45-46 Source: United Nations (1987). Table 5 Influence of moisture on solid volume and weight of standard fuelwood Percentage moisture content of fuelwood 100 80 60 40 20 15 12 10 0 Solid volume in m3 per ton 0.80 0.89 1.00 1.14 1.33 1.39 1.43 1.45 1.60 Weight in tons per m3 1.25 1.12 1.00 0.88 0.75 0.72 0.70 0.69 0.63 Source: United Nations (1987). Table 6 Fuelwood to charcoal conversion table Influence of parent wood density on charcoal production (Weight (kg) of charcoal produced per cubic metre fuelwood) Average tropical Preferred tropical Mangrove Coniferous wood hardwoods hardwoods (rhizophora) Charcoal 115 170 180 285 Influence of wood moisture content on charcoal production (Quantity of wood required to produce 1 ton of charcoal) Moisture content 100 80 60 40 20 15 10 (dry basis) Volume of wood 17.6 16.2 13.8 10.5 8.1 6.6 5.8 required (cubic metres) Weight of wood 12.6 11.6 9.9 7.5 5.8 4.7 4.1 required (tons) Source: United Nations (1987).  === ires-2018-page-164.pdf === Annex B 151 Table 7 Fuelwood requirement for charcoal production by kiln type (Cubic metres of fuelwood per ton of charcoal) Percentage moisture content of fuelwood Kiln Type 15 20 40 60 80 100 Earth kiln 10 13 16 21 24 27 Portable steel kiln 6 7 9 13 15 16 Data are based on assumption of Brick kiln 6 6 7 10 11 12 standard hardwood as input into the process. Retort 4.5 4.5 5 7 8 9 Source: United Nations (1987). Table 8 Energy values of selected animal and vegetal wastes Average moisture content: Approximate ash content Net calorific value Wastes dry basis (percentage) (percentage) (MJ/kg) Animal dung 15 23–27 13.6 Groundnut shells 3–10 4–14 16.7 Coffee husks 13 8–10 15.5–16.3 Bagasse 40–50 10–12 8.4–10.5 Cotton husks 5–10 3 16.7 Coconut husks 5–10 6 16.7 Rice hulls 9–11 15–20 13.8–15.1 Olives (pressed) 15–18 3 16.75 Oil-palm fibres 55 10 7.5–8.4 Oil-palm husks 55 5 7.5–8.4 Bagasse 30 10–12 12.6 Bagasse 50 10–12 8.4 Bark 15 1 11.3 Coffee husk, cherries 30 8–10 13.4 Coffee husk, cherries 60 8–10 6.7 Corncobs 15 1–2 19.3 Nut hulls 15 1–5 18.0 Rice straw & husk 15 15–20 13.4 Wheat straw & husk 15 8–9 19.1 Municipal garbage .. .. 19.7 Source: United Nations (1987). Paper 5 1 17.6 Note: Two dots (..) indicate that data Sawdust 50 1 11.7 are not available.  === ires-2018-page-165.pdf ===  === ires-2018-page-166.pdf === 153 References Economic Commission for Europe (2004). United Nations Framework Classification for Fossil Energy and Mineral Resources. Available from www.unece.org/energy/se/pdfs/UNFC/UNFCemr.pdf. ——— (2009). United Nations Framework Classification for Fossil Energy and Mineral Reserves and Resources, ECE Energy Series No. 39. UNECE, Geneva. Available from www.unece.org /energy/se/unfc_2009.html. European Commission et al. (2009). System of National Accounts 2008, United Nations publication, Statistical Papers, Series F, No. 2, Rev. 5. European Union (2008). Regulation (EC) No 1099/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2008 on energy statistics. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2004). UBET: Unified Bioenergy Terminology. Available from www.fao.org/docrep/007/j4504e/j4504e00.htm#TopOfPage. ——— (2010). Yearbook of Forest Products 2008. Available from www.fao.org/docrep/012/i1521m /i1521m02.pdf. International Atomic Energy Agency, United Nations, International Energy Agency, Eurostat and European Environment Agency (2005). Energy Indicators for Sustainable Development: Guide- lines and Methodologies. IAEA, Austria. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (1997). Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Inventories, vols. 1–3. IPCC, IPCC/OECD/IEA, Paris, France. Available from www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs1.htm. ——— (2000). Good Practice Guidance and Uncertainty Management in National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. IPCC, IPCC/OECD/IEA/IGES, Hayama, Japan. Available from www.ipcc- nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gp/english. ——— (2003). Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry. IPCC, IPCC/ IGES, Hayama, Japan. Available from www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gpglulucf/gpglulucf .htm. ———. (2006). 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories. IGES, Japan. Available from www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2006gl/index.html. International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development, Eurostat, Economic Commission for Europe and World Bank (2004). Consumer Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice. Geneva, ILO. Available from www. ilo.org/public/english/bureau/stat/guides/cpi/index.htm. International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development, Economic Commission for Europe and the World Bank (2004). Producer Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice. Washington, D.C, IMF. Available from www.imf.org/external/np/sta/tegppi/index.htm. International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development, Economic Commission for Europe and World Bank (2009). Export and Import Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice. Washington, IMF. Available from www.imf.org/external/np/sta/tegeipi/index.htm. International Energy Agency, Eurostat, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (2005). Energy Statistics Manual. Paris, France.  === ires-2018-page-167.pdf === 154 International Recommendations for Energy Statistics (IRES) United Nations (1982). Concepts and Methods in Energy Statistics, with Special Reference to Energy Accounts and Balances: A Technical Report, Statistical Papers, Series F, No. 29. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/pubs/gesgrid.asp?ID=20. ——— (1987). Energy Statistics: Definitions, Units of Measure and Conversion Factors, Statistical Papers, Series F, No. 44. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/pubs/gesgrid.asp?ID=37. ——— (1991). Energy Statistics: A Manual for Developing Countries, Statistical Papers, Series F, No. 56. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/pubs/gesgrid.asp?ID=51. ——— (2008a). International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities, Statistical Papers, Series M, No. 4 , Rev. 4. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/isic-4.asp. ——— (2008b). Central Product Classification, Version 2, Statistical Papers, Series M, No. 77, Ver. 2. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/cpc-2.asp. ——— (2009a). International Recommendations for Distributive Trade Statistics 2008, Statistical Papers, Series M, No. 89. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/pubs/gesgrid.asp?id=407. ——— (2009b). International Recommendations for Industrial Statistics 2008, Statistical Papers, Series M, No. 90. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/industry/guidelines.asp. ——— (2010). International Merchandise Trade Statistics: Concepts and Definitions 2010, Statistical Papers, Series M, No. 52, Rev. 3. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/statcom/doc10 /BG-IMTS2010.pdf. ——— (2015). Central Product Classification, Version 2.1, Statistical Papers, Series M, No. 77, Ver. 2.1. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/cr/cpc-21.asp. ——— (forthcoming). System of Environmental-Economic Accounting for Energy, Final draft. Available from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/envaccounting/seeae/chapterList.asp. Reference for greenhouse gas emissions United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change homepage, available from http://unfccc .int/2860.php. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Submissions by Annex I Parties available from http://unfccc.int /national_reports/annex_i_ghg_inventories/national_inventories_submissions/items/5270 .php. Online data interface providing access to all GHG data reported under the Climate Change Conven- tion available from http://unfccc.int/ghg_data/items/3800.php. Report of the Conference of the Parties on its Nineteenth Session, held in Warsaw from 11 to 23 November 2013. Addendum. Part two: Action taken by the Conference of the Parties at its Nineteenth Ses- sion (FCCC/CP/2013/10/Add.3). Available from http://unfccc.int/resource/docs/2013/cop19 /eng/10a03.pdf. World Meteorological Organization homepage, available from https://public.wmo.int/en. World Meteorological Organization statements on the status of global climate available from www.wmo.int/pages/prog/wcp/wcdmp/CA_2.php. World Meteorological Organization Greenhouse Gas Emissions Bulletin available from https://public .wmo.int/en/resources/library/wmo-greenhouse-gas-bulletin.  === ires-2018-page-168.pdf === ISBN 978-92-1-161584-5 13-12499